In many jurisdictions, the minimum number of shareholders required to form a public company varies. The specific requirements depend on the regulations and laws of the country where the company is being established. Here are a few examples to illustrate the variability:

1. United States (USA):

   • In the United States, there is no specific minimum number of shareholders required to form a public company. A company can go public with just one shareholder. However, once a company is publicly traded on a stock exchange, it will likely have numerous shareholders who buy and sell its shares on the open market.

2. United Kingdom (UK):

   • In the UK, a public limited company (PLC) must have at least two shareholders. While it’s technically possible to have only two shareholders, in practice, most public companies have a larger number of shareholders due to the nature of public trading on the stock exchange.

3. India:

   • In India, a public company must have a minimum of seven shareholders. These shareholders can be individuals or entities. This requirement is outlined in the Companies Act, 2013.

4. European Union (EU):

   • The EU does not dictate a specific minimum number of shareholders for public companies. Instead, it allows member states to establish their own rules and requirements regarding the formation and governance of public companies.

It’s important to note that the rules and regulations governing public companies can change, and the above examples are based on information available as of my last knowledge update in January 2022. Additionally, some countries may have additional requirements, such as a minimum amount of share capital or specific qualifications for shareholders.

Before forming a public company, it is highly recommended to consult with legal and financial professionals who are familiar with the regulations of the jurisdiction where the company is being established. They can provide guidance on the specific requirements and help ensure compliance with the relevant laws.